The prime meridian and the International Date Line create a circle that divides the Earth into the eastern and western hemispheres. As you pass the International Date Line, you either add a day (going west) or subtract a day (going east.) Hemispheres The meridian at 180 longitude is commonly known as the International Date Line. The Earth's longitude measures 360, so the halfway point from the prime meridian is the 180 longitude line. The prime meridian also helps establish the International Date Line. in Houston, Texas, it would be reported at 12 p.m.
All countries and regions measure their time zones according to UTC. Just as the prime meridian is the standard for longitude, UTC is the standard for time. UTC never changes for daylight savings or anything else. The prime meridian also sets Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The Greenwich Meridian became the international standard for the prime meridian. They chose the meridian passing through the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, England.
President Chester Arthur in 1884, representatives from 25 countries agreed to pick a single, standard meridian. Finally, at an international convention called by U.S. Even different parts of the same country published materials based on local meridians.
Cartographers in China would publish maps with 0 longitude running through Beijing. France would publish maps with 0 longitude running through Paris. Different countries published maps and charts with longitude based on the meridian passing through their capital city. Governments did not always agree that the Greenwich meridian was the prime meridian, making navigation over long distances very difficult. However, there is an international agreement that the meridian that runs through Greenwich, England, is considered the official prime meridian. Any line of longitude (a meridian) can serve as the 0 longitude line. The prime meridian is arbitrary, meaning it could be chosen to be anywhere. Again it is the opposite below the Antarctic circle (South Pole).The prime meridian is the line of 0 longitude, the starting point for measuring distance both east and west around the Earth. In winter, the regions north of the Arctic Circle experience a 24-hour period when the sun never rises above the horizon. It is the opposite below the Antarctic circle (South Pole). In summer, the regions north of the Arctic Circle enjoy between one and two months of Midnight Sun – 24 hours of sunlight due to the relative tilt of the Earth towards the Sun. Land of the Midnight Sun and Polar Winters where the sun never rises. Areas on the Equator have a constant 12 hours of day light all year round.Īs latitude increases to 80° (polar circles - north or south) day length can be seen to increase to 24 hours or decrease to zero (depending on time of year). Where you are on the earth has an affect on the day length.Īt latitude 0° (the Equator) day length will be approximately 12 hours. The Prime Meridian runs through Greenwich, England and is at 0° longitude. The Prime Meridian separates the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. The Equator separates the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The Equator and Prime Meridian are circles that stretch all the way around the Earth.
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